CFD Fire Modelling & Smoke Control System Validation

Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) Fire Modelling

CFD is a powerful, advanced analysis tool used in fire safety engineering to simulate and predict the behaviour of smoke and heat in a fire. It moves beyond simple algebraic calculations to provide a dynamic, three-dimensional view of a fire's development within your specific building geometry.

Why is CFD Necessary?

For complex and ambitious projects, such as tall buildings, large atria, underground spaces, or intricate shopping centres, standard calculations (often referred to as 'simple plume models') are insufficient. CFD analysis provides the technical evidence required by building control and the Fire and Rescue Service (FRS) to justify complex smoke control and ventilation designs.

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Key Applications of CFD

We use CFD to model and validate fire safety features, including:

Smoke Control System Validation

Optimising the location, size, and extract rate of smoke vents and AOV systems.

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Tenability Assessment

Accurately predicting the conditions along an escape route to ensure safe evacuation times.

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Atrium Smoke Management

Designing effective smoke reservoirs and extraction strategies for large volume spaces.

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Car Park Ventilation

Assessing the performance of impulse and extract ventilation systems under fire conditions.

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Natural Ventilation

Demonstrating the efficacy of natural ventilation for smoke clearance.

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The CFD Process

By delivering robust, evidence-based results, CFD allows for innovative and cost-effective design solutions that might otherwise be rejected under prescriptive rules..

Model Setup: Creating a precise 3D digital model of the building or area of interest.
Scenario Definition: Defining worst-case fire scenarios (e.g., location, heat release rate) relevant to the building\'s use.
Simulation & Analysis: Running the complex mathematical simulation to track the movement of smoke, heat, and toxic gases over time.
Reporting: Providing detailed reports with visual outputs (e.g., colour-coded visibility plots) and engineering conclusions that demonstrate compliance with performance objectives (e.g., safe escape conditions).

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